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Защита силовых трансформаторов от токов геомагнитной индукции (по материалам СИГРЭ-2024) Часть 3

А. А. Кувшинов, В. В. Вахнина, А. Ю. Хренников, С. А. Михайлов

Аннотация


Представленный материал является попыткой классифицировать все опубликованные сообщения о геомагнитных воздействиях на электрические системы и показать их возникновение в контексте изменения солнечного цикла и геомагнитной активности за период с 1844 по 2016 г. А также показать механизм влияния токов геомагнитной индукции (ГИТ) на электротехническое электрооборудование, способы защиты силовых трансформаторов от ГИТ (по материалам СИГРЭ-2024, в частности доклад № 10784 — подкомитет A2).

 Части 1 и 2 были посвящены проблематике возникновения геомагнитных бурь и геомагнитным возмущениям в электроэнергетических системах, истории начала фиксации возникновения геомагнитных возмущений и регистрации геоиндуцированных токов в энергосистемах в разных странах в Северном и Южном полушариях Земли. Рассмотрены вопросы защиты силовых трансформаторов от токов геомагнитной индукции, применение резистивно-тиристорного заземления нейтрали и других способов защиты.

 В третьей части изложены вопросы испытаний силовых трансформаторов постоянным током для имитации геоиндуцированных токов, которые включают в себя общие положения об угрозе геомагнитно-индуцированных токов, схему высоковольтной линии постоянного тока HVDC Новой Зеландии, методологию инжекции постоянного тока, выбор трансформатора для эксперимента, измерения показателей качества напряжения, возникновение высших гармоник, вибрацию силовых трансформаторов, уровни звука от стенки бака трансформатора.

 Также рассматривается система контроля сопротивления контура заземления для проверки шагового напряжения и напряжения прикосновения.

DOI: 10.71527/EP.BE.2026.01.325


Ключевые слова


электроэнергетическая система, приполярные районы, геоиндуцированный ток, силовой трансформатор, резистивно-тиристорное заземление нейтрали.

Полный текст:

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Литература


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